Newborns have special care needs to ensure they start life as healthy as possible. Some developmental or growth issues also show up soon after birth, so having routine care is important for identifying these issues early so they can be addressed. When a medical or developmental issue is identified, referral to an appropriate neonate specialist can be made when needed.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends infants be seen seven times during the first 12 months of life, including visits and examinations within the first week of being born, and again at one, two four, six, nine and 12 months of age. The academy also recommends visits at 15 months and 18 months of age and again when the child turns two. Office visits become less frequent during the toddler years when annual visits become the recommended norm.

During newborn exams, a physical examination is performed to look for any issues that might indicate a problem with growth and development. The infant will be weighed and measured, and a stethoscope will be used to listen to the heart, lungs and belly area. The belly will also be gently felt to look for signs of swelling that could indicate a hernia or other issue. The child’s head circumference will also be measured and recorded. Assessments will also be made for vision and hearing. Recommendations will also be made for immunizations that newborns should receive to supplement their natural immunity to avoid becoming seriously ill. During the exam, parents will also be asked a series of questions about the behavior of their child, including fussiness, how much the child eats and sleeps, bowel and bladder function, and other issues to provide a more comprehensive picture of the overall health and wellness of the child. Parents will also receive guidance that can help them understand what to expect and what to watch out for during the first months of life and beyond.